“Don’t bank on it” (Electronic banking conspiracy)

BANK

Most post hoc reasoning is immediate, as in, “I drank a kale smoothie and it worked because my backache went away.” Or, “The gypsy told me good fortune was coming and I won $100 the next day.” But with the Electronic Banking Conspiracy Theory, the consequences arise 25 lifetimes after the triggering event. This theory posits that the introduction of paper money 600 years ago is why my daughter is buying Tap Fish 2 for her iPad today (a purchase that is being tracked by the Illuminati, by the way). What’s more, both the appearance of paper lira and the electronic game purchase are paving the way for the enslavement on Mankind.

There are five phases on this route from shekels to shackles. We are currently in the final phase. I have looked at dozens of conspiracy theories and have yet to find one where the culminating event is 100 or 1,000 years away. Nor does it take place today. For the theorist to get his thrill, dystopia has to be just beyond a tantalizing horizon, always almost here but never quite arriving. This allows them to bravely face this frightening future and cleverly expose the plot.

The first stage was the introduction of paper currency and a banking system. The plotters were extremely patient, as the cabal waited 500 years for stage two, the introduction of credit cards. Next came electronic commerce over the Internet. This was followed by the concentration of wealth by an “international banking conspiracy,” which is the most one can bend over backwards without actually saying ‘Jews.’ The first three stages have clearly happened, and theorists assert the fourth has as well. That sets us up for the final stage, a worldwide electric blackout that will be coupled by the draining of all electronic money accounts by the conspirators.

This is not a terribly widespread theory, and seems to be promulgated mainly by the American Patriot Friends Network, which sounds like a combination survivalist group/day care. Its website’s headlines this week were about the confirmation of alien spacecraft by a Krakow bicyclist, a David Bowie obituary focusing on his promotion of Satan, and a yummy stir fry recipe (touted as a quick and easy food to make in the wilderness).

Members demonstrate extreme acrobatics in their conclusion-leaping. Just a few sentences after complaining about bank annoyance like ATM fees, a writer explains that this means, “The FEMA camps are already in place, global position devices are tracking our every move, and implantable microchips have been nearly perfected.” He then warns about the imminent return of legal slavery, which is the conspirators’ ultimate goal.

Like many conspiracy theories, this one takes elements of truths or half-truths and assembles them in a hodgepodge fashion. It is akin to someone announcing they’ve completed a jigsaw puzzle despite several missing pieces and the person assuming  other pieces the artist never painted. For instance, while the Renaissance introduced paper money to Europe, there is no connection between that and the device you are using to read this. Nor is there a connection between that device and your impeding bondage. This theory assumes that the New World Order’s 16th Century forbearers anticipated credit cards and computers. It is also premised on impossibly evil, impossibly powerful men having the means and will to implement world domination for half a millennium, yet never doing it, a stagnation that would be contradictory.

This final stage will be ushered in when the plotters use advanced technology to drain our bank accounts. I’m giving believers the benefit of the doubt and assume this theory includes a dictate that paper money somehow be made worthless by the plotters; otherwise, the electronic liquidation would fail to put all the money is the elites’ hands. But I could not find this claim on their website. Another huge plot hole is that banks are supposedly a crucial player in this plot, yet the plan would require them to agree to mass suicide since they would go under once the ruling elite emptied the accounts.

These theories are always unclear on how many “they” there are, but believers usually hint at there being just a few dozen of them. This theory fails to explain how people this few in number would control billions of others, or how they would manage to keep their slaves clothed, fed, and housed.

Believers are fond of the fact that Lincoln, Garfield, and Kennedy challenged the banking industry and were all assassinated. Tying these events together is lazy even by post hoc reasoning standards. Although if true, one would have to admire the plotters’ suppleness in working with a Confederate sympathizer, an anarchist, and a communist to accomplish these hit jobs of Leaders of the Free World.

 In this theory, wars are not fought over territory, ideology, or oil, but are meant only to disrupt the economy and gradually gain more control over it. Disruptions will become more frequent and debilitating until society and financial institutions collapse, and all but a select few become slaves. I for one welcome our new reptilian overlords.

“Your daze are numbered” (Numbers Stations)

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Numbers Stations are shortwave radio stations that sporadically broadcast an eclectic mix of seeming gibberish. This includes impossibly coded messages, occasional blips of classical music, and a screeching sound reminiscent of a modem desperately trying to connect during the dial up days. The voices appear to be machine-generated and created by speech synthesis and are almost always female, a Siri without any personality.

These stations have proven to be an effective method for government spy agencies to communicate with their overseas employees. This had long been suspected, and was confirmed in David Wise’s 1988 Book, “The Spy Who Got Away,” about a CIA defector. Further proof came in 2001 when the United States tried five defendants who had spied for Cuba using this technology. The best-known Numbers Station was the Lincolnshire Poacher, which the British Intelligence Service ran from Cyprus.

In Wise’s book, the CIA turncoat explained how it worked:

“A transmitter is set up in Germany or Langley, and the agent knows that at certain times on certain nights you will transmit to him. He is given a one-time pad, which the sender has the only other copy of. The pages of a the pad consist of random five-digit groups that are used to encipher messages with the aid of a matrix or number grid. Each page is destroyed after use.”

All this presents a sizable obstacle to the hardened conspiracy theorist. Most of the population, even the skeptic blogger portion, have concluded there were secret messages broadcast in a spooky voice, that the CIA and KGB were involved, and that there was government denial of something that was clearly going on. Normally, revealed secrets and government cover up would be conspiracy theorist gold. But the theorist compliments himself on being iconoclastic and able to shrewdly navigate false narratives, and that doesn’t work if there’s nothing to expose.

But theorists did not become so by meekly acquiescing to Occam’s Razor. Consider someone with the handle Reef75 at abovetopsecret.com. He writes, “The official and common ‘explanation’ for this phenomenon is that it is some sort of spy communication.”

In truth, there is no official position for this or most other topics. Official, when used in conjunction with the government, refers to entities like agency seals, foreign policy positions, and the nation’s borders. A statement from a government official, or the media’s reporting of it, are not “official,” and this merely serves as a handy pejorative for the theorist to wield.

A British record company released a five-CD collection of these shortwave recordings. Reef75 concludes that this “was part of the cover-up,” without offering reasoning or evidence of this, or even clarifying what was being covered up, or how releasing the sounds was consistent with suppressing them.

While he initially mocks the espionage theory, Reef seems to completely contradict this by writing, “The spy communication theory is probably correct.” But he then quickly does a U-turn back to his version of reality. “But the real question is, who are the spies? And how many are ‘They’?” They, capitalized in mid-sentence and in quotes. Nice ominous touch there, Reef, you’re quite skilled at this.

When conspiracy theorists pose questions, they are not normally seeking answers. For example, when they ask how World Trade Center towers could collapse when jet fuel doesn’t burn hot enough to melt steel, it is pointed out that the beams need only to burn hot enough to melt the steel, which is how blacksmithing works. Anyone genuinely asking this question would be satisfied with that explanation. But having no interest in getting an answer, the theorist moves the goalposts or in some other way deflects the response.

Reef next asserts that no country has ever tried to find out what’s going on with these Numbers Stations. Buoyed by this unsupported premise, he surmises this is because, “All countries are in on it together.” The United States and Iran, North and South Korea, Israel and Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Greece, India and Pakistan, all involved in this lovefest centered on cryptic messages and snippets of Swan Lake.

If accepting the spy premise, the idea that sending and receiving locations are forever changing would seem routine. But if determined to see more, this is thrilling evidence of malfeasance, and Reef excitedly chases the real truth down the rabbit hole. Once there, he concludes:

“These signals in fact confirm that there is a part of the human race that isn’t like the rest of us. I call them ‘The Others.’ If they are 10 or 50 percent of us, I do not know. But my feeling is that they are many. Does anyone have another explanation that fits the scenario with logic?”

Yes, you’re a nut case. But I don’t care for the personal attack, so my “official position” is to defer to the spy scenario, as documented by the Cuban Five case, the CIA defector book, and the Lincolnshire Poacher.

As to why “The Others” are doing this, Reef writes, “The only thing I could think of is that these signals are used as mind control on all of us.” That a human being could come up with these conclusions does seem to support the idea that our minds are being screwed with.

Reef was the only guy I could find online who offered a sizable conspiracy theory manifesto about the numbers station. But there were others who gave terse explanations. One suggested it was the dead trying to contact us – by using impossibly coded messages in a medium available to about two percent of the population, on stations that one must know precisely when and where to tune in. A rather arduous way of letting your nephews know where you left the fishing scrapbook  they are looking for.

A Bing search also revealed a URL that advertised itself as dedicated to exposing the New World Order and Illuminati. With regard to the Numbers Stations, it revealed that, “Trapped in an alternate dimension somewhere in the Bermuda Triangle, children survivors are attempting to communicate through shortwave radio stations.” Alas, when I clicked for further information, the link was broken. The Men In Black and reptilians must have got them.

“I say tomato, you say genocide” (Anti-GMO movement)

KILLERTOMATO

In my skeptic blogger persona, I am OK with seeking an audience rather than having it come looking for me. I attend the annual Quad Cities Psychic and Paranormal Fair to engage clairvoyants, ghost hunters, and Shamanic healers. I have exchanged e-mails with the head of the Quad Cities Creation Science Association, though I’ve yet to elicit from him an explanation of how creationism works using the Scientific Method. Then there is the Facebook friend who presumably has never heard of Germ Theory and who thinks disease is the result of vaccines, not viruses. Not that diseases are any big deal, mind you, since honey-drenched lemons and a coconut water chaser will cure them all.

There have been some memorable conversations while trying to plant skeptic seeds. I had this online exchange with a 9/11 truther. While less profane, another truther insisted no evidence was needed that the government committed this evil deed because the government commits evil deeds, an especially literal example of circular reasoning.

While I have yet to score a full-blown convert, I plug away through the labyrinth of scientific stupidity, cognitive dissonance, and paranoia. Even in this arena, standing out as among the most unhinged is the anti-GMO throng. Extremists have burned testing fields, vandalized tractors, and attacked farmers. Mike Adams, the pinnacle of anti-science lunacy, even encouraged the murder of those expressing positive opinions about genetic modification.

In one of the more unfortunate cases, University of Florida professor Kevin Folta withdrew from public life because of unrelenting harassment. Folta had held regular podcasts and seminar presentations outlining the science of GMOs. This explication of biotechnology earned him the wrath of the anti-GMO militia, who hammered him with Freedom of Information requests for e-mails on his work computer. FOIA is valuable government accountability tool, but here the act was abused, and Folta was subject to it since he worked at a public university.

As anti-GMO activists had intended, Folta’s work was hampered him having to reply to the unending wave of requests. This was also a fishing expedition in which searchers were hoping to find evidence Folta was a biotechnology industry insider. One e-mail indicated that one of the seminars he spoke at was co-sponsored by Monsanto, although Folta was not paid by the company. This innocuous fact was absurdly presented as proof that he was being funded by Monsanto, he was called the company’s whore, and GMO Free USA is leading a campaign to have him fired.

Folta’s ordeal is unsurprising to me. In my dealings with anti-GMO types, I have never had one of them make an attempt at science. When pro-GMO activists point out that 1,783 studies suggest GMOs are safe, and that no studies reach the opposite conclusion, a common response is that the speaker is a Monsanto employee. Even if this were true, it would be an ad hominem that has nothing to do with the accuracy of the claim.

Opponents of biotechnology unknowingly making public proclamations of their ignorance when they dress as Crazy Corn Men, post memes of apples taking bites out of little boys, and carry signs with images of syringes being injected into wheat. Let’s take a closer look at the reality of genetically modified organisms, or as their opponents call them, Frankenfood.

Food has been modified and improved for millennium through artificial selection. GMO technology allows scientists and farmers to be more precise with these modifications and accomplish in a year what might have taken centuries. From Popular Science: “Scientists extract a bit of DNA from an organism, modify or make copies of it, and incorporate it into the genome of the same species or a different one. They repeat the experiment until they get a genome with the right information in the right place.”

This has yielded multiple benefits, including golden rice, which is infused with Vitamin A and could therefore help prevent blindness and infant mortality in the Third World. While it astounds me that anyone could be opposed a technology that prevents babies from going blind or dying, I know these people exist, so I searched them out and found Greenpeace. The organization wrote, “It is irresponsible to impose golden rice on people if it goes against their religious beliefs and cultural heritage.”Greenpeace, however, cited no examples of Sri Lankan and Angolan preschoolers being force fed golden rice. Then there’s the matter of expressing more concern for a hypothetical cultural insensitivity than preventable toddler deaths.

I’m unsure how diabetic Greenpeace members square their position on genetic modification with their health condition, as insulin is a GMO. Another triumph of genetic modification was saving the Hawaiian papaya. Additionally, some GMOs have developed drought tolerance and this biotechnology can be used to remove allergens from food. Genetic modification may even someday allow those with peanut allergies to enjoy one of life’s simple pleasures, the PB and J sandwich.

Most anti-GMO types think they prefer natural foods. Yet the food we eat today is wonderfully unnatural, having been modified for millennium. For instance, the original banana was tiny, green, and full of large, hard seeds. Even nature has produced a GMO, as the sweet potato developed when soil bacteria entered the plant and modified it. All this was clearly unknown to one online poster, who was mortified to learn that there was a hybrid of two broccoli plants out there. She wrote, “No, no no. Real food, please.” At least she said please. But what she has in manners she lacks in agrarian history acumen. For broccoli is a consequence of the selective breeding of wild cabbage plants over the last 2,500 years. What’s more, cauliflower, kale, kohlrabi, and Brussels sprouts were all bred from the same cabbage that is the great-grandpappy of today’s broccoli.

A frequent false claim is that GMOs, through the Round Up that is often sprayed on them, indirectly lead to super weeds. But this cannot be blamed on GMOs. Weeds do attempt, and succeed, at becoming resistant to Round Up and all other herbicides because that’s what weeds do. If not, there would be no more weeds.

Yet another fabrication is that Europe has banned GMOs. This is true in only two of 51 countries, and even if accurate, would be the ad populum fallacy that wouldn’t provide any evidence of GMO danger.

The anti-GMO crowd also confuses correlation and causation by saying that the increase in genetic modification is to blame for the increase in food allergies. But testing is required when genetic modification is attempted on foods known to cause allergies, primarily milk, eggs, nuts, soy, wheat, fish and shellfish. Biotech developers work with the FDA to ensure that any new GMO foods do not produce new allergens. This highlights the key point that, not only is there GMO testing, but  if there ever were a danger, it would be to a specific GMO, so demonizing the entire technology is unfounded.

Perhaps the most misinformed idea about genetic modification is thinking that almost everything about a GMO has been altered. This is why you get clowns driving around with tomato-fishes on their cars. In truth, only one to four genes are affected with genetic modification, while up to 300,000 genes are impacted when using traditional breeding.

It would be stating the obvious to note that there never has been a tomato fish. Less known is that there was never even a commercial tomato with fish genes inserted, and that this was another victory for GMO testing. Frost will inhibit tomato growth and one possible solution considered was to copy an antifreeze gene from flounder and transfer it to tomatoes. The resultant fruit was shown to be ineffective in trials and was never used since it would have been of no use to farmers. Nor would it be beneficial for farmers to grow, handle, and consume dangerous crops, poison their soil, and increase their use of carcinogenic herbicides and pesticides, all of which they would be doing if what anti-GMO types are saying was true.

 

“Psichobabble” (Dean Radin and extrasensory powers)

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Polls have consistently shown that about two-thirds of Americans believe in some sort of paranormal phenomenon. About two in five believe in ESP, about the same number who think ghosts are real. Also, just over half think that mind over matter can heal the body. There is another poll, the unscientific one I have taken of paranormal proponents I’ve spoken with over the years. This poll shows that zero percent of believers come to their position after a review of controlled studies employing the Scientific Method and peer review. Rather, it is based on personal experience, a cousin’s anecdote, or regular History Channel viewing.

Of course, the numbers have nothing to do with what is real. If 100 percent of those residing on a remote Pacific Island believe in the same Cargo Cult god, this unanimity of 1,000 worshippers will not equal one deity.

Some psychic promoters attempt to put a scientific spin on alleged extrasensory phenomenon. Author and parapsychologist Dean Radin is one of the more prominent using this approach. His overarching assertion is that, “Information can be obtained in ways that bypass the ordinary sensory system.” He calls this mysterious force “psi.” In presentations, he has never demonstrated that this force works and, in two books, has provided no evidence for its existence.

And while Radin uses graphs, charts, and statistical analysis, the applied mathematics veneer quickly gives way to the babble used by most psychics. He puts a lot of stock in studies, which would be admirable if they were conducted using solid research methods, sound statistics, and a following of the Scientific Method. However, these studies fail to explain how ESP or remote viewing could be falsified, and make no attempt to do so. Moreover, many of them rely on a preposterous ad hoc explanation to shoo away any failure. If people perform better than chance, this is considered proof of psychic ability. But if they perform at, or worse than chance, this is touted as proof that a separate psychic phenomenon is leading the test subject astray.

Radin dismisses skeptical scientists due to the “insular nature of their disciplines. The vast majority of psi experiments are unknown to most scientists.” Indeed, the Nobel Prize committee seems to not know Radin’s e-mail address and he has not sent it to them telepathically.

The numbers Radin presents can seem overwhelming (in terms of their volume and complexity, not in terms of their evidence). But this reveals the problem. Far better than an exhaustive book of graphs would be providing us with one prescient person who can correctly guess what word is scribbled on the note James Randi has in his vest pocket. Show me someone who can fool Penn and Teller by using genuine magic to move a cup across the stage and that will blow me away with more than Radin’s analyses of 1,000 studies.

Being unable to produce such a person, Radin gives us a complex statistical overview of tons of data. Any seeming anomaly is attributed to psi, which skeptics recognize as the appeal to ignorance. In this case, it’s a New Age god of the gaps argument, whereby any unexplained phenomenon proves that psi is responsible.   

In classic pseudoscience tradition, Radin asserts the proof is coming someday. He insists that psi will eventually be explained as part of quantum mechanics. He anticipates people “pushing atoms around with their minds” and our bodies enjoying “mass mind healing” that will end disease and cure paraplegics.

He also anticipates miracles being verified, as we gain an understanding of how Jesus and Krishna used psi techniques to perform them. He also predicts we will see confirmation that mediums talk with the dead, although he failed to clarify if the deceased will finally talk back. He sees us being able to communicate telepathically with anyone, even our friend who now lives in another solar system, which will be possible due to psi’s contributions to the space program. The human mind will become as fast and capable as a supercomputer. Presumably a psychic will finally win the lottery, although the winnings will have to be split 200 million ways.

In his attempt to tie all this into quantum physics, he embraces the concept of entanglement as the key to understanding psychic phenomenon. Entanglement refers to connections between subatomic particles that persist regardless of them being separated by various distances. Radin therefore concludes that this must apply to all entities, be they microscopic, mammals, or moons. He wrote, “The fabric of reality is comprised of entangled threads that are consistent with the core of psi experience.” However, Skeptics Dictionary editor John Renish notes that, “Entanglement can be only of identical elementary particles”

Radin also misapplies the Uncertainty Principle, the idea that observing a particle will affect its behavior. He tries to project this notion onto every other entity in the universe. But the Uncertainty Principle only applies if the observation inputs energy into the system being observed. Put another way, viewing a comet through a telescope won’t cause it to veer off course. And thinking about a long-lost friend won’t prompt him to search you out on Instagram.

Just as astrologers have yet to find an exoplanet and Reiki practitioners have yet to discover any cures, parapsychologists like Radin have yet to make a contribution to neuroscience. Rather, they try to modernize what they consider the wisdom of the ancient mystics by misusing scientific terms and electronic equipment.

  

 

 

 

“Crooked mechanics” (Quantum quackery)

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Most peddlers of alternative medicine present their products and practices as equal to or greater than the traditional stuff. Extremists at naturalnews.com condemn all mainstream medicine as poison, while the reflexologist next door might say only that she is a complement to what physicians and surgeons do. But in general, alternative is the key word, and not just because they aren’t doing medicine. They claim to be offering something different, and they therefore keep away from the other guys.

But the one seeming exception are alternative medicine practitioners that use the word “quantum,” and appear to embrace mainstream science. They describe quantum mechanics as valid and praise the physicists doing the research and development. However, this is done in a backhanded way. They use the appeal to antiquity to assert that today’s quantum physicists are confirming what the wise men of yore already knew (although these men were apparently not wise enough to write this valuable knowledge down and pass it on).

In brief, Quantum Quackery is the attempt to promote health, healing, mental agility, and more by tying the practices into particle physics and mechanics. Throwing around buzzwords like “energy field” and “wave particle duality,” the practitioners mean to impress the listener, or at least confuse them. Since most people have no idea what genuine quantum mechanics terms mean, this obfuscation is easy.

The word quantum is used to justify almost any supposed wonder or mystery. Rationalwiki notes that it functions as a “New Age version of the god of the gaps,” whereby anything unexplained can be answered with, “Quantum mechanics did it.”

The Quantum Quackery field pilfers terms and overarching ideas from a legitimate, advanced science, then uses them to hawk all manner of products, from books to bracelets, from healing sessions to cat food. The quickest way to determine if a person is using legitimate quantum mechanics is to ask him or her to explain the mathematics behind the idea they are promoting.

While attempting to ride quantum mechanics’ coattails, purveyors also play up an Eastern mystical angle that appeals to many of their customers. They insist that not only does their product or notion have a grounding in advanced science, but it is complementarily rooted in Hinduism, Buddhism, or Taoism. However, Quantum Quacks here demonstrate almost as much misunderstanding of religion as they do science. Asian faiths are not cut from the same theological cloth. They have differences in philosophies, ceremonies, and habits. If not, there would be no need to have more than one. Trying to pass them off under the umbrella of eastern religion is as mistaken as equating mechanics with amphibian biology since both involve science.

As to the branch of science they are stealing from, quantum mechanics is the study of the behavior of matter and energy at microscopic levels. It is unrelated to consciousness, intelligence, spirituality, healing, or mysticism. But without studying this overwhelmingly complex and mind-crushing topic, a prospective customer might not know that. That is how quantum mechanics ends up being misrepresented by someone who passes it off as a kind of mind medicine. Consider this example, from a review of a book written by someone employing the preposterous moniker Silver RavenWolf: “She puts quantum physics theories into plain English and explains how they can be put into practice for personal fulfillment. She teaches how to achieve a special state of consciousness, including how to create and project a ‘mindlight,’ or ball of energy, through meditations, visualizations, rituals, and mind exercises. These techniques – some involving elemental energies, astrology, oils, and herbs – can be used for healing, problem solving, relaxation, banishing negative thoughts, and general wellbeing.” Here, we see the misuse of science terms, such as elements and energy, combined with a hodgepodge of undefined ideas not even pretending to be scientific. The resulting mishmash promises us the ability to vanquish our fears, get out of debt, and earn that promotion, or at least land a larger desk.

Misuse of terms, or the coining of words that sound scientific but are not, is a hallmark of pseudoscience. Another trait is claiming to do science without using the Scientific Method, and I have yet to see Silver RavenWolf’s byline in Nature. She is selling books to the public, not submitting her findings and research methods to scientific journals.

While it is good for Neil Tyson or Michelle Thaller to explain their fields in relatively simple terms that make them more accessible and appealing to the masses, this pop science approach can be abused by Quantum Quacks, who copy the methods and claim to be explicating quantum mechanics and tying it into a higher consciousness.

I suspect Quantum Quackery started with a mangling of Werner Heisenberg’s Uncertainty Principle. This referred to the frustrating fact that observing particle movement was impacted by that very observation. For example, to know the velocity of a quark, the particle physicist must measure it, and if it is measured, its movement is impacted.

A wonderful result of this realization was the building of particle accelerators which eliminated this unintentional human influence. A more unfortunate consequence was the assertion that this meant there must be a connection between quantum mechanics and human consciousness. This manifests itself in all manner of fabricated silliness, including selling quantum straws for $90.

The most infamous Quantum Quack is Deepak Chopra, whom I’ve chronicled before, so I won’t spend much time on him here. I will just note that he wrote “Ageless Body, Timeless Mind,” which based on photos of him now and 30 years ago, contains advice he has apparently disregarded.

“Zany night in Georgia” (Guidestones)

EVILGEORGE

NOTE: The Georgia Guidestones were destroyed in a terrorist attack on July 6, 2022

In almost every conspiracy theory, adherents suggest a narrative that differs from a more-accepted version. For instance, henchmen of George W. Bush, not Osama bin Laden, engineered 9/11. Or Jade Helm was an Obama plot to lock up southern gun owners, as opposed to a military Special Forces exercise.

But with the Georgia Guidestones, there is no Warren Commission Report or Air Force Roswell explanation to try and refute. No one knows the Guidestones’ purpose, and the only person who knows the identity of the man who financed them promised the moneybags that he would never reveal his name. Conspiracy theorists, therefore, have filled the Guidestones vacuum with various heinous storylines. Not that theorists require an information vacuum to operate; they just suck out any evidence that works against them.

Conspiracy theorists and skeptics agree on this much: The guidestones are 19-foot tall granite monuments erected in 1980 in Elbert County, Georgia.  On them are inscribed 10 guidelines, in eight languages. There is also a brief message at the top that is chiseled in four ancient tongues. They are arranged as five slabs with a capstone on top.

Unlike most conspiracy theories, this one contains an element of genuine mystery. In June 1979, a man going by the pseudonym R.C. Christian solicited Elberton Granite Finishing Company to build the structure. His identity and incentive remain unknown. He was estimated to be in his mid-60s when he commissioned the structure, so he is presumed to be deceased.

The guidelines are as follows:

  1. Maintain humanity under 500,000,000 in perpetual balance with nature.
  2. Guide reproduction wisely — improving fitness and diversity.
  3. Unite humanity with a living new language.
  4. Rule passion — faith — tradition — and all things with tempered reason.
  5. Protect people and nations with fair laws and just courts.
  6. Let all nations rule internally resolving external disputes in a world court.
  7. Avoid petty laws and useless officials.
  8. Balance personal rights with social duties.
  9. Prize truth — beauty — love — seeking harmony with the infinite.
  10. Be not a cancer on the earth — Leave room for nature — Leave room for nature.

Yoko Ono called them “a stirring call to rational thinking”, while wired.com reports that some opponents consider them to be the “Ten Commandments of the Antichrist.”

Concurring with the latter interpretation is Mark Dice, who declared them to be of “deep Satanic origin,” and who feels they should be “smashed into a million pieces.” While they still stand, the guidestones have been subject to vandalism by those who consider them to be demonic or part of the New World Order plot.

These Ideas are not new. At their unveiling, local minster James Travenstead inadvertently noted their versatility, saying the guidestones were “for sun worshipers, cult worship and devil worship.” He also warned that the Guidestone would someday see “a human sacrifice take place here.” Sort of like Cavalry, I guess.

Then we have conspiracy theorist Van Smith, who attempts to bring computer analysis to his ideas. Smith said that the guidestones dimensions portended those of the Buri Khalifa in the United Arab Emirates, which was built 30 years later. It was the tallest building in the world, and therefore, the Guidestones were meant to be an endorsement of the Tower of Babel.

The type of granite used was pyramid blue, which thrilled some theorists since it suggested some sort of ancient alien Egyptian association. Additionally, when viewed from overhead, the Guidestones form an X, which UFO Report notes for an ideal alien landing site.

The inclusion of Hebrew, meanwhile, suggested to some that Zionists were behind the Guidestones. This was less than consistent thinking, however, since the messages were also in English and no one has seen Queen Elizabeth behind it. Unexplained is how the erection of a cryptic monument in rural Georgia furthers the Zionist goal. It is also unclear why the genocide architects would announce their plans, albeit cryptically. But Dice had an ad hoc explanation for this: “This is a way for the elite to get a laugh at the expense of the uninformed masses, as their agenda stands as clear as day and the zombies don’t even notice it.”

Though the inscribed ideas are esoteric, a majority who have studied them think they are intended to be advice to survivors of an apocalypse, although this would require that the stones hold up during any doomsday. The commissioning came during the year of the Three Mile Island meltdown, and nuclear arms fears were a regular feature of life then. Also, it is known that the financier had expressed fears about Armageddon, so this hypothesis seems the most likely.

Some of the 10 guidelines can seem a little unnerving. Recommending the population be kept at what was one-tenth the of the world’s population in 1980 seems macabre. So does the eugenics overtone that rings through another guideline. The idea of one language and one court, meanwhile, could upset those who fear an impending New World Order. An alternate, equally unsettling, interpretation was that it referenced the warning in Revelation about a common tongue and a one-world government. As an aside, I never understood evangelicals freaking out about Revelation prophecy seemingly being fulfilled. They think it’s inevitable, so why fight it?

When the mystery donor met the granite company president, they agreed that banker Wyatt Martin would receive the funds at various times from different locales, then forward them to the business. Martin agreed only is the donor would reveal his identity, which he did after Martin agreed to take this secret to his grave.

Some suspect the donor was influenced by Rosicrucian thought. Rosicrucians were a secret society in the 17th Century known as “the brotherhood of R.C.,” and the donor’s pseudonym initials were R.C. Further, the guidelines emphasize the use of reason, and Thomas Paine was a Rosicrucian who wrote “Age of Reason.”

While these are two very weak pieces of evidence, the idea is not particularly preposterous. At least it wasn’t until Jay Weinder got ahold of it. One of the country’s busier conspiracy theorists, Weidner agrees that the guidestones are meant for the eyes of those who survive a near-extinction. But this will not be the result of a nuclear war, but rather a homo sapien genocide. Weinder warns, “The shadowy organization behind the Guidestones is now orchestrating a planetary chaos that will result in major disruptions of oil and food supplies, mass riots, and ethnic wars worldwide.” Sounds frightening, until one realizes Weinder had predicted that this would all take place by 2012.

While there have been various ideas as to the guidestones’ meaning, the most creative comes from a beforeitsnews contributor, who laid out a plot involving Free Masons, the devil, and a borderline anthropomorphic primate.

The writer goes through a lengthy, meandering explanation of how he pieced together that the builders were hinting at the date Oct. 3, 2014. Naturally, this can only mean that, “It likely has everything to do with the start of the New World Order plan as laid out on the Guidestones. This is driven by dark forces and one of the things they need to do for their events to become rituals is reveal them in advance.”

When theorists deduce such dates, it is seldom 100 or 1,000 years in the future. Rather, it is an impending date. This speaks to the incentive of the theorist, as they are excited to think that this will be occurring in their lifetime. While they are portending doom, it in nonetheless thrilling to think they will witness it, plus they get to congratulate themselves for sniffing it out.

Our sleuthy scribe included a video of a replacement stone being put in place at the monument. Holding a piece of the broken stone that was being replaced, the worker asks, “Who wants a chip?” Our writer concludes that this alludes to implantable microchips that will be part of the plot.

He also figures out that MM on the monument means not the year 2000, but rather Master Mason. And there’s more, so much more malevolence: “He is also kneeling on his left knee, an unnatural position for someone who is right-handed and has the stone he is chiseling in front of his foot. However, this is the exact position an entered apprentice has when taking the Masonic oath.” All this was being done in order to reject the cornerstone, which symbolizes Jesus, and replace it with a capstone, representing Satan.

The author predicted a cataclysmic event would occur on Oct. 3, 2014. Continuing with his idiosyncratic genius, only he was able to note this when it happened. For that was the day we learned of the United States’ first confirmed Ebola case. It was only one victim, but the systematic slaughter of six billion people has to start somewhere.

While the author had vaguely predicted this event, he points out that Matt Groening and James Brooks has specifically prognosticated it in 1997. A Simpsons episode from that year featured a book, “Curious George and the Ebola Virus.” Even more delicious, the program aired on Sept. 11 of that year.

Just to be clear, Simpsons creators, along with their NWO counterparts, knew that hijacked kamikaze airliners and a deadly virus were on their way to the USA. Our writer concluded this by connecting the dots, or at least rearranging, mangling, creating, destroying, and cramming them in as necessary.

Continuing his ascension into apophenia overdrive, the writer highlights more clues he has deciphered: “Just like the Ebola virus, Curious George was taken from Africa to the USA. His name, George, could hint to the Georgia Guidestones. In the last of the original series of books, George ends up in the hospital, just like the first Ebola victim. If George represents the virus (which possibly originated from monkeys), then the Man the Yellow Hat represents the carrier, Thomas Eric Duncan. His initials spell TED, and in the 2006 Curious George film, the formerly anonymous Man in the Yellow Hat is named Ted.”

I was able to figure out two more that he missed. “Sweet Georgia Brown” references George’s color, while Ted’s complexion is about the same as a a Georgia peach. You know, I was trying ridicule the guy’s mindset, but think I came up short. My parody is less humorous than his sincerity.

 

“Absurd Reich” (Orgone energy)

mad energy

Asserting that there is a mysterious and unproven energy form at our disposal is one of the most frequent lines in New Age and alternative medicine circles. The precise term varies, but proponents claim to have access to a secret healing force that can be yours for $29.95. These purveyors of magic pixie dust have as their predecessor a German immigrant to the United States, Wilhelm Reich.

In the 1930s, he proposed the concept of orgone energy. While he predated today’s crystal and Reiki healers by a few decades, his ideas were not entirely original. He coopted the unscientific notion of a life force from acupuncture and chiropractic. Reich described orgone as massless, omnipresent, and associated with inert matter. We’ll have to take his word for it because no one else could ever detect it. Reich also held that deficits or constrictions in orgone energy within people caused disease. The idea of unblocking mystical energy as a form of treatment is seen today in countless alternative medicine practices.

Trying to figure out what makes the universe operate, Reich came up with the idea of bions, which he described as self-luminescent, sub-cellular vesicles that were omnipresent and observable in decaying material. Someone had to be the first person to think that planets revolve around the sun, to contemplate the existence of atoms, or to postulate about String Theory. However, these were all the starting point for potential discoveries. They were not dogmatic beliefs that were honed while working mostly in isolation. The first proponents of heliocentrism, atoms, and String Theory did not label disbelievers conspirators or fools. They followed the Scientific Method, laid out their ideas and welcomed input, including critical questions. Coming up with an idea about how the universe works is fine; the way Reich followed up on his notion was not.

During this subsequent work, he asserted that orgone was a “primordial cosmic energy” responsible for the sky’s color, gravity, the nature of galaxies, and even nonscientific ideas, such as why political revolutions fail. He seemed to use orgone energy as a fallback to every unexplained mystery in astronomy, biology, chemistry, and physics. It is similar to the god of the gaps argument, whereby a person will insist that since we don’t know why something happens, it must be the work of a supreme being.

Reich was once testing his hypothesis that if sterile dirt and coal are soaked long enough, they will give spontaneous rise to bacteria and amoebas. Then an assistant accidentally prepared a sample with sterilized ocean sand instead of dirt. Under a microscope, the sample gave off a blue glimmer. Reich gave this sample to a radium physicist to test, and the physicist reported that he could detect no radiation being given off. Reich therefore concluded that he was seeing a previously undiscovered form of radiation. In truth, the blue glimmer was likely the result of focusing light through a lens, and this incident highlights the importance of submitting work for peer review, rather than just concluding that you and Igor have accessed a secret power.

Not content with his status as a self-appointed microbiology pioneer, Reich attempted to start his own branch of medicine. He devised a therapy he said could tap into orgone energy, using as assemblage of boxes, blankets, and hand-held devices. It was not unlike the products marketed today as energy bracelets and ionic jewelry.

There are few orgone proponents left. One is orgoneproducts.com, which offers an enormous assortment of gadgets, gizmos, and what-is-its. One of the many is an orgone pyramid. The website’s description of the object is one of the most concise assemblages of pseudoscience giveaways I’ve ever come across. In one paragraph, it squeezes in the idea of a panacea, a spectacular claim, and allegations of a cover-up: “The possible uses for this device are only limited by your imagination. For less than the cost of a doctor’s visit, you could have the end of all disease. What have you not heard of orgone? Because the AMA was scared of losing its monopoly on medicine, so it conducted a witch hunt which led to Dr. Reich’s death in jail.”

The website maintainers, therefore, bravely risk their lives to sell a zapper that will cure Lyme disease and end those inconvenient comas. New Age medicine practitioners and conspiracy theorists may maintain cordial ties, but they are generally segregated from one another. But this site blurs, then completely obliterates any distinction between the two camps. For instance, one of the website contributors informs us that, “Hurricane Irene was another artificially-generated HAARP hurricane” meant to kill and terrify thousands.” But our intrepid orgone super heroine was ready.

“In preparation of the storm, I want down to the East River and prayed to the moon god. Then I hid a mini orgone chembuster in the shrubbery.” With an assist from this grassy knoll and a lunar deity, she and the orgone piece foiled the plot. “The winds were expected to be over 100 mph, but never gusted about 25 mph,” our anonymous reporter gloated. “Orgone does more than just change the weather. It actually changes the dimensions vibrationally so that negative events like this won’t happen. Quantum changes within the matrix occur when we project and maintain high energy states.” She referenced energy, vibrations, quantum, and matrix, but left out chakra balance.

Next, she explains that while G-men and their Illuminati compatriots can create disastrous weather, they are unable to control its direction without our inadvertent mind control. Our fears and anxieties attract the artificial hurricanes, tornadoes, and earthquakes. But never fear, these piffling volcanoes and such can be thwarted with orgone pellets. Also available are healing discs, anti-chemtrail spray, and magic toothpaste. Then there’s colloidal silver, which the site advertises as being able to cure HIV, Ebola, tuberculosis, diphtheria, diabetes, gonorrhea, well pretty much every disease ever discovered, and probably even a few that haven’t been. The product description notes that the ancients cited colloidal silver as being able to smite werewolves and vampires, and indeed, I don’t see those monsters around anymore.

One other site hawking orgone ornaments is natures-blessing.com. Other than offering some chemtrail busters, this site embraces the peace, love, and unicorns aspect of orgone. Displayed most prominently is a Chakra System Orgone Pendant, which will get your aura reception system in working order. Other pendants promise to give wearers the vision of a shaman, open their third eye, and allow them to chit-chat with dolphins.

If there are still more gold doubloons in one’s New Age budget, one can augment these potent pendant powers with crystals, and take advantage of their “natural ability to arrange energy and direct energy flow,” as well as revive dead orgone. Yes, beware, for orgone has a negative side. If orgone energy dies, the ghosts will cause you to experience sickness, fatigue, headaches, confusion, and depression. And since everyone experiences these at least sometimes, it shows how widespread orgone deficiency is.

The sales pitch just had about had me hooked until it mentioned that the pendants can be used as distance healing, so I’ll just take my treatment that way.

“Coffee mugged” (Gerson Therapy)

BAD COFFEE

I prefer when possible to immerse myself in my topics. I would rather visit the reflexologist than just explain the methods and flaws behind the idea. And while I have posted a few times about ghosts, I’m hoping to eventually partake in a trek to a poltergeist hangout that takes place in my town each Halloween. However, I won’t be going Gonzo during this post on Gerson Therapy. For that would require me to pipe coffee up my ass. Truth is, I don’t even like that beverage on my tongue.

Gerson Therapy is the name given to a regimen that claims to be able to cure cancer through enemas and a highly restrictive, obsessive diet. This is backed by precisely zero peer-reviewed articles, double blind studies, or research, although there are a few persons who have claimed success by using the method. My veteran readers know this is where I point out that the plural of anecdote is not data. Additionally, those who succumbed to the disease while using Gerson Therapy aren’t hear to tell their stories.

There are, sort of, a couple of posthumous exceptions. Sacramento TV news personality Patti Davis made her Gerson Therapy public, and she died after refusing traditional treatment. Also, Jessica Ainscough gained thousands of social media followers when she used Gerson Therapy to battle epithelioid sarcoma, a rare soft tissue cancer. She likewise perished after ignoring pleas from doctors to use conventional methods.

Ainscough lived for seven years after being diagnosed, about the normal survival time for someone with her condition. During these years, she followed the Gerson protocol of coffee enemas, sodium elimination, potassium supplements, and massive amounts of organic fruits and vegetables, much of it liquefied. The protocol even dictates what the food be prepared in, with aluminum containers off limits.

This approach is named for Max Gerson, a German immigrant to the United States. It is illegal for U.S. clinics to offer the treatment as a cancer cure, although Gerson’s daughter Charlotte has set up a clinic in Mexico, where she dispenses the usual alternative medicine hodgepodge of post hoc reasoning, anecdotes over data, and sentimentality over science.

The elder Gerson said he started this regimen to combat migraines, and the headaches went away. The protocol might have worked or Gerson may have been engaging in post hoc reasoning. Whatever the case, it’s unclear why he deduced that this technique would likewise halt rouge cell growth.

This lack of explanation is of no concern for the believers. The therapy appeals to those who just know that a natural cure exists and is being covered up. It is also attractive to those wary of surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy. On my Facebook feed this week, I saw a teen with deep, red scars across her neck and torso. These came from radiation treatment, so was the result of what is supposed to be the CURE. The treatment itself results in a condition that needs to be treated, and there are regular bouts of violent vomiting. It is a horrible ordeal and I could understand someone wanting to believe something different is available. I’m less charitable to those who fill that gap with a regimen that has no medical backing and which is a death sentence if followed.

When Gerson came up with his alternative treatment idea, this was not by itself terrible. His observation that diet could play a key role in eradicating the disease could have been the first step in the Scientific Method. But this should be followed by developing a hypothesis, testing it, attempting to falsify it, sharing data sets and methods with other researchers, and submitting results for peer review. Instead, he embrace a wild, unproven idea and called it treatment.

To avoid any strawmen, I will quote from gerson.org to describe what the therapy consists of: “The Gerson Therapy is the combination of an organic, plant-based diet, raw juices, coffee enemas, and natural supplements. With its whole body approach to healing, the Gerson Therapy naturally reactivates your body’s magnificent ability to heal itself, with no damaging side effects.”

On a linguistic note, the body is not healing itself if it needs you to help it. Less pedantically, making a blanket statement that no patient will ever have any kind of side effect is a sign it’s not medicine. As to just how many carrots and strawberries are we talking about: “The Gerson Therapy floods the body with nutrients from about 15 to 20 pounds or organic fruits and vegetables daily. Most is used to make fresh raw juice, up to one glass every hour, up to 13 times per day. A typical meal will include salad, cooked vegetables, baked potatoes, Hippocrates soup, and juice. Raw and cooked solid foods are generously consumed.”

As to the lattes up the wazoo: “Degenerative diseases render the body increasingly unable to excrete waste materials adequately, commonly resulting in liver and kidney failure. The Gerson Therapy uses intensive detoxification to eliminate wastes, regenerate the liver, reactivate the immune system and restore the body’s essential defenses. Patients on the Gerson Therapy may take up to 5 coffee enemas per day.”

Tellingly, no one associated with Gerson Therapy has ever identified a specific toxin that these enemas are flushing out. And even if they did, cancer is rouge cell growth, which won’t be impacted by sending botulinum out your backside.

Here’s more: “In the past 50 years, the population has been exposed to more toxins, prescription drugs, and poor quality food, water and air than ever before.” In actuality, food safety and water purification have never been better. The idea that those in the Dark Ages or even frontier America had better food and water sanitation than what we have is demonstrably false. While the claim about prescription drug access is accurate, this is beneficial, not detrimental. And while we may have more exposure to toxins now, there’s no reason to think that’s the case, nor any evidence that Gerson Therapy will make a difference.

In fact, the only documented results from the therapy have been negative. The therapy has caused bowel inflammation, electrolyte imbalances, dehydration, infections, bleeding, and constipation. And it caused me to have an even lower opinion of coffee.

“Shot down” (Anti-vax arguments)

ANTIVAX

During my immersion in the skeptic movement, I have come across some silly ideas. For instance, some folks have espoused for a flat Earth, or for Earth being round but hollow and inhabited by benevolent creatures trying to telepathically communicate with us.

Others ideas are potentially harmful, depending on what the person wishes to do with their beliefs. For instance, someone on an anti-GMO rant is relatively innocuous unless they want the government to ban golden rice, a Vitamin A-rich food that prevents blindness in poverty-stricken countries. Or a person who posts a meme purporting to show that the Big Bang is a myth is hurting no one, unless he lobbies to make this a staple of public school astronomy classes.

But the most dangerous I’ve encountered, by far, are the anti-vaxxers, whose actions threaten those too young or unhealthy to be given immunizations. Here are 10 frequent arguments I hear from anti-vaxxers put forth, and my counters to them.

  1. “Vaccines are not guaranteed to be safe.” And neither is polio. Some vaccines have mild side effects, and there is the very rare serious complication. All that is explained here. If safety is the overriding concern, vaccines are the way to go.
  1. “Vaccines are not guaranteed to be effective.” Nor are parachutes, but skydivers are much better off percentagewise in using them. And failing to vaccinate is zero percent effective at preventing disease. Vaccines have greatly reduced the instances of some diseases and have eradicated others. That there is an infrequent person they won’t work for is not a sound reason for someone else bypassing them.
  1. “Death rates were already declining and the introduction of vaccines was incidental to this trend continuing.” It’s true that death rates were declining, but infection rates were steady or increasing. Disease rates drop dramatically when vaccines are introduced, and skyrocket when people stop getting inoculated. One anti-vax graph showed how death rates had dropped to one-thirteenth their previous rate before the measles vaccine was introduced. A pro-vaxxer then added the pertinent information that the measles infection rate went from 275 per 100,000 to zero within five years of the vaccine being introduced.
  1. “The polio vaccine of the 1950’s was contaminated by the SV40 virus which is now confirmed to have caused cancer in many people who had received the vaccine. It’s a matter of Russian roulette on when such a virus will sneak into another vaccine.” This is the argument from ignorance and provides no evidence that any current vaccine is dangerous. Again, if safety is the concern, get your shots. This argument also glosses over scientific improvements in the last 60 years that make this kind of mistake less likely today.
  1. “Cow cells, monkey cells and chick embryo cells are all found in various vaccines. How can anyone really know the long term effects of injecting this foreign DNA into a six-week old baby’s body?” The second sentence comprises two logical fallacies, the appeal to emotion and the argument from ignorance. Additionally, the first sentence is wrong, as none of those animal cells are in vaccines, although the vaccines may contain cell proteins. Moreover, there is nothing to suggest those cell proteins are dangerous.
  1. Continuing our field trip to the Fear Factory, we are told, “Add some heavy metals, antibiotics and preservatives, and you have a toxic cocktail called a vaccine.” This plays to some people’s lack of chemistry background. Some folks pump a mix of zinc, coal tar extract, and polysorbate 20 into their arms. It’s called insulin. Likewise, sodium will explode in water and chlorine is a poison gas weapon, yet together they make table salt and give us yummier French Fries. Danger is determined by dosage, not chemical or element.
  1. “Big Pharma cannot be trusted and is in it for the money.” Which is irrelevant to whether vaccines work. One need not trust a company to believe in the science behind its products.
  1. “Herd immunity is a myth.” I’ve never seen this one followed up with any numbers or supporting arguments of any kind. Anti-vaxxers seem to be just throwing it out and hoping it will stick with somebody. Herd immunity is real and it is what happens a virus has difficulty spreading since enough of a population is immunized. This is especially important for those too young or unhealthy to be immunized.
  1. “In New Zealand, 65 percent of people who contracted whooping cough in 2012 were vaccinated.” Taken by itself, this statement is true, and indeed, vaccines will not always prove effective. What this statistic left out however, was that nine percent of those vaccinated got the disease, compared to 45 percent of those who were unvaccinated.
  1. “Diseases are actually caused by vaccines, so the vaccinated are a threat to the unvaccinated because they shed disease.” What’s being shed is the inactivated virus, so there is no danger to anyone, except in the very specific (and revolting) instance of an immunocompromised person coming into contact with the excrement of a recently vaccinated individual. And even if the vaccinated made the unvaccinated sick, I’ve learned from my chats with naturopaths that there’s no ailment beyond the scope of ­­Reiki and peppermint oil.

“Ignoble idea” (Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Nobel Prize)

YINYANG

When the Nobel Prize for Medicine was given this year, headlines on naturopathy websites and even in some mainstream news outlets presented it as a vindication for Traditional Chinese Medicine. This was owing to the fact that one of the honored doctors had looked over ancient texts during her research and came across an idea that, very indirectly and with a significant reworking, helped lead to the discovery. However, the doctor, Youyou Tu, used the Scientific Method, not Traditional Chinese Medicine, to come up with her Nobel Prize-winning product. This episode in truth demonstrated the failure of purported medicine that doesn’t follow the Scientific Method.

First, the basics: The Nobel Prize went to the developers of two drugs used to treat parasite infections. It was a shared award, with William Campbell and Satoshi Omura being recognized for the discovery of avermectin, while Tu won for discovering artemisinin, which helps battle malaria. Tu is the one we will focus on since her discovery has been falsely presented as attributable to Traditional Chinese Medicine.

Humans have used herbs and plants as attempted cures for thousands of years. In pre-scientific and pre-medicine days, this wasn’t necessarily a terrible idea, although when it went wrong, it could go very wrong, as in the death of the patient. Plants churn out all kinds of substances and some have effects on humans, be they beneficial, detrimental, or negligible. But seeming medical uses were based on cultural beliefs and anecdotes. As botany and medicine developed, pharmacognosy was born. This is the study of medicinal drugs derived from plants or other natural sources.

Unlike herbalism, naturopathy, or Traditional Chinese Medicine, pharmacognosy is the SCIENTIFIC study of drugs with natural origins. The field’s work focuses on identifying active chemicals, isolating them, and transforming them into medicine. It is based on research, not what your cousin said worked for his wife’s friend.

Pharmacognosy is why pharmacies no longer carry leeches and heroin. It is also why they no longer carry raw herbs and dispense them in volumes that are based on guesswork. Today, the herbs’ active ingredients are isolated and put in tablets and creams, and doled out in the proper dosage. Almost no raw natural products are used as medicine because they contain negative or inferior properties to their synthetic counterparts, and because they have unpredictable amounts of active ingredients.

Dr. Steven Novella, the most vocal critic of the way the media covered the Noble Prize story, said, “When I prescribe a drug, I know exactly how many milligrams of active ingredient the patient is getting, its half-life, how it is eliminated from the body, its tissue penetration, its effects and side effects, its drug-drug interactions, and any potential toxicity. When you prescribe an herb to a patient, you have no idea about any of these things.”

Once the active substance has been identified and isolated, chemists synthesize, standardize, and improve it. That’s what happened with the two drug products the Nobel Committee cited. As part of her research, Tu looked over TCM texts for any natural product that was used to treat fever. She found over 2,000, which indicates how silly the field is. Anybody can throw any herb out and claim it as a cure. So it goes in the world of Supplementary, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine (SCAM).

She eventually came upon a fourth-century practitioner who suggested qinghao steeped in cold water. Tu eventually realized that the usual extraction method of boiling was destroying the active ingredient. So she instead used ether, and qinghao proved to be the first plant extract to be completely effective at killing malaria in mice.

However, the drug had low bioavailability and a short half-life. This meant that the drug would be ineffective on humans. However, the pharmaceutical company Novartis bought patents an artemisinin derivative and lumefantrine, and produced a combination that was shown to be clinically effective.

The ancients had no knowledge about how the body worked. The thousands of traditional herbs, their infinite combinations, and specific maladies treated were backed by no consistent criteria or reasoning. What finally turned artemisinin into a useful drug was science and Big Pharma. Traditional practices of herbalism or natural medicine would never have turned these discoveries into lifesavers.

This was largely glossed over by mainstream media and utterly suppressed by alternative medicine outlets. I expect bias from the latter, but mainstream reporters are often too gullible, believing alternative medicine claims without questioning them. If reporters would do their job more thoroughly, many of the claims of alternative medicine would quickly fall apart.

I know this from experience. I have talked with Reiki practitioners, crystal hearers, craniosacral therapists, and essential oil peddlers about their lines of work. And even a rudimentary inquiry about how the technique or product works causes them to stumble, fumble, and bumble their way through long pauses, consternated looks, and an emergency summoning of the other person at the kiosk.